外國直接投資對越南經濟增長的影響

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Title:	外國直接投資對越南經濟增長的影響 The Impacts of Foreign Direct Investment on Vietnam’s Economic Growth
Authors:	阮英玲 NGUYEN, ANH-LINH
Contributors:	財務金融系林鳴琴 LIN,MING-CHIN
Keywords:	外國直接投資;人均GDP成長率;政府支出;貿易開放程度 Foreign Direct Investment;Per Capita GDP Growth Rate;Government Expenditure;Openness to Trade
Date:	2021-10-31
Issue Date:	2022-01-25 16:38:47 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	越南一直是世界上吸引大量外國直接投資並逐年增加的國家，近年來由於投資政策的推動促使外國直接投資在總投資中所佔的比重顯著增加。同時，外國直接投資在國內生產總值結構中的佔比也越來越高。文獻上關於提供獎勵誘因以吸引外國直接投資的論述，係基於外國投資會產生技術轉讓和外溢效果等外部性。儘管有充分的理由相信外國直接投資可以促進經濟增長，但實證研究結果卻很分歧。本文旨在探討外國直接投資對越南經濟增長是否具有顯著影響，研究期間自1991年至2019年，以迴歸分析之最小平方法進行實證研究。解釋變數為外國直接投資，並且選取越南人民平均受教育時間、通貨膨脹率、政府支出及貿易開放程度為控制變數，檢視各變數對人均GDP成長率的影響。實證結果顯示通貨膨脹率對於人均GDP成長率呈現正向顯著影響，且達到1%顯著水準。政府支出佔GDP的百分比則呈現負向影響，並達到10%顯著水準。至於FDI對於人均GDP成長率則無顯著影響。 Vietnam has been the world's largest recipient of foreign direct investment in recent years. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has increased significantly as a result of investment policies. At the same time, FDI measured as a share of GDP is increasing. The literature's discussion of incentives to attract FDI is based on externalities such as technology transfer and spillover effects of foreign investment. While there are good reasons to believe that FDI can boost economic growth, empirical findings are very divergent. The purpose of this paper is to explore whether FDI has a significant impact on Vietnam's economic growth and to conduct empirical research by Ordinary Linear Regression analysis from 1991 to 2019. In addition to using FDI as explanatory variable, this paper also selects the average time spent in education, inflation rate, government expenditure, and trade openness as control variables to examine the effects of each variable on GDP growth per capita. Empirical results show that inflation has a positive and significant impact on GDP growth per capita based on a significant level of 1%. Government spending as a percentage of GDP showed a negative impact on a significant level of 10%. As for FDI, there was no significant impact on GDP growth per capita.
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